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What Custom WPB Butt Weld Elbow refers?

ASTM A234 WPB custom BW elbow is a carbon steel pipe fitting tailored for pipeline direction changes, complying with ASME B16.9 standards. Made of high-quality ASTM A234 WPB carbon steel, it features excellent weldability and pressure resistance, suitable for custom 90 & 180 degree angles, radius, and wall thickness. This fitting is widely used in oil, gas, and petrochemical pipelines with beveled ends for seamless butt welding and stable structural performance under high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions.

Why Choose ASTM A234 WPB

ASTM A234 WPB is the first choice for custom butt weld elbows (90 & 180 degree) due to its superior comprehensive performance. This carbon steel material features excellent weldability, formability, and medium pressure resistance—suitable for various custom forming processes. It also offers cost advantages over alloy steel, with wide availability and mature manufacturing technology. For industrial pipelines requiring custom angles and specifications, ASTM A234 WPB balances performance, customization, and economic efficiency perfectly.

90 Degree vs 180 Degree

90 and 180 degree elbows are the two most common custom angles, both manufactured to ASME B16.9 dimensional tolerances. The 90 degree elbow is for 90° pipeline turns, ideal for tight space layouts. While the 180 degree elbow (U-bend) suits pipeline reverse direction needs. All fittings retain ASTM A234 WPB core properties: good corrosion resistance and weld strength, with customizable long/short radius for different flow rate requirements in industrial pipelines.

Custom Specifications of Elbows

Our ASTM A234 WPB custom butt weld elbows support full specification customization under ASME B16.9 standards, covering DN15-DN1200 caliber, Sch40/Sch80 wall thickness, and 90/180 degree angles. We also customize beveled end size, length, and surface treatment (e.g., anti-rust painting) based on customer requirements. All custom parameters are designed to match ASTM A234 WPB weldability and mechanical properties, ensuring the fitting integrates perfectly with existing carbon steel pipeline systems.

Core Advantages of Custom Elbows

ASTM A234 WPB custom butt weld elbows combine the core advantages of WPB material and personalized customization. Key benefits include excellent weldability, high pressure/corrosion resistance. And it perfectly match with customer pipeline layouts via 90/180 degree, radius, and thickness customization. The seamless hot forming process ensures structural stability, while the carbon steel material offers cost-effectiveness and wide industrial applicability.

Application Scenarios

ASTM A234 WPB 90/180 degree butt weld elbows are widely used in industrial pipeline systems globally, mainly in oil and gas exploration/transmission, petrochemical refineries, power generation plants, and water treatment projects. They are suitable for medium-temperature and medium-high pressure pipelines transporting oil, gas, water, and other non-corrosive media. The custom angle and radius design make them adaptable to complex pipeline layouts. Meanwhile, material performance of ASTM A234 WPB ensures long-term stable operation.

How to Customize Your Butt Weld Elbow?

Customizing butt weld elbows (90/180 degree) is a simple, standardized process, with all products manufactured to ASME B16.9 standards.

First, provide your core requirements: angle (90/180°), radius (long/short), caliber (DN), wall thickness (Sch40/Sch80), and application conditions.

Second, engineer confirms the custom design and provides a technical drawing for your approval.

Finally, we start production exactly based on your drawings, conduct strict quality inspection, and deliver the finished product with a full quality certificate—supporting one-stop custom fitting solutions.

The post ASTM A234 WPB Custom Butt Weld Elbows | 90 & 180 Degree appeared first on Quality Manufacturer of Industrial Pipe Fittings.

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If you are looking for a supplier of custom flanges, please contact us

Types of Flanged Elbows

• Single Flanged Elbow

Single Flanged Elbow is a specialized pipe fitting featuring a flange at one end and a socket or pipe opening at the other. This design enables flexible connections between flanged valves, pumps, or equipment and socket-welded piping systems, making it particularly common in water supply, drainage, and fire protection engineering. Its flanged end is secured with bolts, while the other end typically connects via insertion, welding, or rubber gaskets, effectively resolving interface conversion between different pipe types.

Advantages:

Lower cost: Eliminates one flange compared to double-flanged elbows.

Lighter weight: Reduced overall mass.

Fewer leakage points: Welded connections are permanent, offering greater reliability and fewer potential leak points than flanged joints.

Space-saving: Welded connections are more compact than flanged connections at equipment interfaces.

Disadvantages:

Non-removable: Welded ends are permanent; cutting is required for maintenance or replacement, causing significant inconvenience.

High installation requirements: Requires skilled welders for welding operations and quality inspections (e.g., X-ray testing).

• Double Flanged Elbow

Double flanged elbows feature flanges on both ends and are standard components in flanged piping systems. This elbow utilizes flanges, gaskets, and bolts to achieve reliable connections between pipes, offering excellent sealing performance and pressure-bearing capacity. Due to its disassembly capability, the double flanged elbow facilitates maintenance, replacement, or cleaning, making it widely used in industrial piping systems requiring high reliability and ease of maintenance, such as petroleum, chemical, and natural gas sectors.

Advantages:

Easy Installation: Quick connection and disassembly via bolts, facilitating maintenance and replacement.

Good Alignment: Flange connections facilitate pipe alignment.

Standardization: Dimensions and pressure ratings comply with international standards (e.g., ASME B16.9, EN 10253), ensuring high interchangeability.

Disadvantages:

Higher Cost: An additional flange increases material and manufacturing expenses compared to single-flange elbows.

Greater Weight: The extra flange adds significant mass.

Potential Leak Points: An additional flange connection introduces a further potential leakage point.

Material & Grades of Flanges :

Carbon Steel :
ASTM A105 / A105N,ASTM A350 LF2 / LF3, A694 F42 / 46 / 52 / 56 / 65 / 70

Alloy Steel :
ASTM / ASME A/SA 182 & A 387 F1, F5, F9, F11, F12, F22, F91

Stainless Steel :
ASTM A 182, A 240 F 304, 304L, 304H, 316, 316L, 316Ti, 310, 310S, 321, 321H, 317, 347, 347H, 904L

Duplex & Super Duplex Steel :
ASTM / ASME A/SA 182 F 44, F 45, F51, F 53, F 55, F 60, F 61

Copper Alloy Steel :

 ASTM SB 61 , SB62 , SB151 , SB152 UNS No. C 70600 (Cu-Ni 90/10), C 71500 (Cu-Ni 70/30), UNS No. C 10100, 10200, 10300, 10800, 12000, 12200

Nickel Alloy :
ASTM SB564, SB160, SB472, SB162 Nickel 200 (UNS No. N02200), Nickel 201 (UNS No. N02201), Monel 400 (UNS No. N04400), Monel 500 (UNS No. N05500), Inconel 800 (UNS No. N08800), Inconel 825 (UNS No. N08825), Inconel 600 (UNS No. N06600), Inconel 625 (UNS No. N06625), Inconel 601 (UNS No. N06601), Hastelloy C 276 (UNS No.N10276), Alloy 20 (UNS No. N08020)

Double Flanged Elbow 90°

90° Elbow Flanged on Both Sides

Connection Method: Flanged elbows connect pipes using flanges, gaskets, and bolts. This connection method provides excellent sealing, withstands high pressure and temperature, and is easily disassembled for maintenance.

Material: Common materials for flanged elbows include carbon steel, stainless steel, and alloy steel. Different materials suit various media and operating environments.

Bend Angles: The most common flanged elbow angles are 90° and 45°, with 180° and other special angles also available. Different angles accommodate varied pipeline layout requirements.

Specifications: Flanged elbow dimensions are defined by nominal diameter and bend radius. Bend radii are categorized as long radius (Long Radius, typically denoted as 1.5D) and short radius (Short Radius, typically denoted as 1.0D). Long-radius elbows provide smoother fluid flow paths, minimizing pressure loss, while short-radius elbows offer greater space efficiency.

Flanged Elbow Pipe Fittings

90° Flanged Elbow

The most common type, used to make a right-angle change in piping direction.

Applications: Equipment inlets/outlets, vertical pipe transitions.

45° Flanged Elbow

Used to alter pipe direction by 45 degrees.

Applications: Gentle directional changes, often used for branching or bypassing obstacles.

180° Flanged Elbow

Also known as a “U-bend” or “U-turn elbow,” it reverses the pipeline direction completely.

Applications: Commonly used for heat exchanger or tank inlets/outlets, or pipelines requiring a complete reversal.

How to Select the Correct Flange for a Flanged Elbow?

The key to selection lies in matching the system. You need to check the flange specifications of the equipment or pipeline connected to the elbow to ensure the following four points are completely consistent:

Applications of Flanged Elbows:

Oil and Gas Industry

Chemical Industry

Power Industry

Water Supply and Drainage Systems

Shipbuilding and Offshore Engineering

Food and Pharmaceutical Industries

Metallurgical Industry

Stainless Steel Flanged Elbow Manufacturer

As a leading manufacturer specializing in the R&D and production of flanged elbows, ZIZI leverages our deep understanding of pipeline system requirements to deliver a comprehensive range of high-quality products, including both single-flanged and double-flanged elbows. We provide reliable pipeline directional solutions for diverse industries such as petroleum, chemical, food and pharmaceutical, and municipal engineering. In manufacturing, we strictly adhere to international standards such as ASME B16.9 and ASME B16.5, implementing rigorous quality control throughout the entire process from raw material selection to finished product shipment: High-purity carbon steel, stainless steel (304/316/316L), and alloy materials are selected, with spectral analysis ensuring composition compliance; Elbow bodies are manufactured through integral forging or precision welding techniques, with flange sealing surfaces precision-machined. The entire product range undergoes hydraulic pressure testing and non-destructive inspection, guaranteeing exceptional structural stability and sealing performance under complex operating conditions including high temperatures, high pressures, and severe corrosion.

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ASME B16.9 elbows are among the most common butt-welded fittings in industrial piping systems, primarily used to redirect pipeline flow. Based on varying operational requirements, elbows are categorized into Long Radius Elbows and Short Radius Elbows. They are manufactured according to the ASME B16.9 standard to ensure dimensional accuracy and safety performance.

ASME B16.9 Elbow Fitting Specifications

The ASME B16.9 standard provides detailed specifications for elbow fitting dimensions and specifications, including:

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS): Ranges from 1/2 inch to 48 inches.

Wall Thickness (Schedule): Multiple wall thicknesses are available based on pipeline pressure ratings, such as Sch. 10s, Sch. 40, Sch. 80, Sch. 160, etc.

Center-to-End Distance: This is the critical dimension for determining installation space.

Bevel: Typically 37.5 degrees to facilitate butt welding connections.

Long Radius Elbows

Long-radius elbows are a common type of elbow in piping systems. Their bend radius (the distance from the elbow center to the pipe centerline) equals 1.5 times the nominal pipe size. For example, a 4-inch long-radius elbow has a bend radius of 6 inches. The long-radius design minimizes pressure loss and turbulence at the bend, making it widely used in applications demanding high fluid flow quality, such as oil pipelines, gas pipelines, and chemical process lines.

The radius of curvature (R) is 1.5 times the nominal pipe size (NPS) or outside diameter (D). (R = 1.5D). This provides a smoother turn, reducing friction, turbulence, and pressure drop. It’s generally preferred when space allows and flow efficiency is critical.

For example,NPS 2 Elbow, the calculation of the distance from the center to the end as follows:

1. 90°- 2″- LR : = 1.1/2 x (25,4 x 2) A = 76,2 mm
2. 180°- 2″- LR : = 1.1/2 x (25,4 x 2) x 2 A = 152,4 mm
3. 90°- 2″- SR : = 25,4 x 2 A = 50,8 mm
4. 180°- 2″- SR : = (25,4 x 2) x 2 A = 101,6 mm

Short Radius Elbows

The bending radius of a short-radius elbow equals the nominal size of the pipe. For example, a 4-inch short-radius elbow has a bending radius of 4 inches. Due to its smaller bending radius, short-radius elbows are better suited for use in areas with limited space. However, this design may result in greater pressure loss and turbulence, requiring careful consideration of trade-offs when selecting them.

The radius of curvature (R) is equal to the nominal pipe size (NPS) or outside diameter (D). (R = 1.0D). This results in a sharper turn, increasing turbulence and pressure drop, but it is more compact and suitable for tight spaces where a smaller bend is necessary.

45 Degree Elbow

Turn angle: Achieves a 45° directional deflection, suitable for long-distance pipelines requiring minor directional adjustments or when the angle between two pipeline sections is 45°. Primarily used for minor changes in pipeline direction or scenarios requiring mitigation of fluid impact force.

90 Degree Elbow

Achieves a 90° right-angle turn, the most commonly used type, suitable for “vertical/horizontal direction switching” scenarios (e.g., pipelines transitioning from the ground to walls, or right-angle connections between equipment inlets/outlets).

ANSI/ASME B16.9 90 degree elbow is one type of steel pipe fittings which used to change direction of the pipeline.It can be divided into long radius (LR) and short radius (SR). We provide carbon steel, stainless steel and aluminum elbow in both seamless and welded for the overseas projects.

Material & Grades of ASME B16.9 Buttweld Fittings 

Carbon Steel Buttweld Fittings:

ASTM A234 WPB / WPC,ASTM 420 WPL 3 / 6 / 9,A860 WPHY 42 / 46 / 52 / 56 / 65 / 70   

Alloy Steel Buttweld Fittings:

A234 WP5 / WP9 / WP11 / WP12 / WP22 /WP 91 / WP92

Stainless Steel Buttweld Fittings:

A403 WP304/304L/304H – WP316/316L – WP317 – WP310S – WP321 – WP347 – WP904L

Duplex & Super Duplex Steel Buttweld Fittings:

A815 WPS32205/32750/31803/32760

Stainless Steel Elbow

The material selection for ASME B16.9 stainless steel elbows typically depends on the operating environment and the conveyed medium. Common options include:

304 Stainless Steel: The most widely used stainless steel grade, offering excellent corrosion resistance and machinability, suitable for general corrosive environments.

316 Stainless Steel: Enhanced with molybdenum, providing superior resistance to chloride ion corrosion. Ideal for marine environments, chemical processing, pharmaceuticals, and other applications demanding higher corrosion resistance. 316L is a low-carbon variant of 316 with superior weldability.

Other stainless steel grades: For specialized requirements, options like 201, 202, 321, 904L, and duplex stainless steels (e.g., 2205, 2507) can be selected to meet diverse demands for temperature resistance, pressure tolerance, and corrosion resistance.

Chemical Composition

Mechanical Property

Surface Treatment

Pickling and Passivation

Surface scale, rust, and impurities are removed through acid pickling, followed by passivation to form a dense oxide film, enhancing corrosion resistance.

Sandblasting

High-velocity sand particles remove surface scale and weld slag, creating a uniform, clean surface that provides an excellent foundation for subsequent coating or polishing.

Polishing

Stainless steel elbows can be polished mechanically or electrolytically to enhance surface quality. Polishing yields a smooth, lustrous finish suitable for applications demanding high aesthetics, such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and clean pipeline systems.

Carbon Steel Pipe Elbows

ASME B16.9 Carbon steel elbows are commonly used pipe fittings in piping systems. Manufactured from high-quality carbon steel, they offer excellent strength, toughness, and high-pressure resistance, capable of withstanding impacts and temperature fluctuations under complex operating conditions. Compared to stainless steel or alloy steel, carbon steel provides a more economical and practical solution, making it widely adopted in industries such as petroleum and natural gas, chemical processing, power generation, and water treatment.

Chemical Composition

Mechanical Property

Surface Treatment

Surface protection is critical in the production and application of carbon steel butt weld elbows. Since carbon steel is prone to oxidation and rusting, sandblasting and painting are commonly employed to enhance the elbows’ corrosion resistance and service life.

Sandblasting

High-velocity abrasive blasting removes surface scale, rust, and contaminants.

This process creates a cleaner, rougher surface that improves coating adhesion.

This improves overall corrosion resistance and extends coating longevity.

Painting

Painting is applied after sandblasting, commonly using black paint, epoxy paint, etc. The purpose of painting after sandblasting is to enhance surface adhesion.

It forms a protective film on the elbow surface, isolating it from air and moisture to prevent oxidation. This provides corrosion protection during transportation.

The paint layer also serves aesthetic and identification purposes, facilitating engineering installation.

ANSI / ASME B16.9 Pipe Fitting

ANSI/ASME B16.9 Fittings (commonly referred to as “B16.9 Fittings”) denote butt-welded pipe fittings conforming to the ASME B16.9 standard. Beyond elbows, they encompass tees, reducers, pipe caps, and other components, though elbows represent the most widely used type. “Butt weld” is the core connection method for these fittings. Both ends of the fitting are designed with the same wall thickness as the pipeline. Through welding, they fuse completely with the pipeline to form a continuous sealed structure. This offers the advantages of high strength and high sealing integrity, enabling them to withstand harsh operating conditions such as high pressure, high temperature, and vibration.

For ASME B16.9 elbow, they not only meet the dimensional and quality requirements of the B16.9 standard but also ensure the overall sealing integrity of the piping system through buttweld connections, effectively preventing medium leakage. This makes them indispensable in fields with extremely high demands for sealing and safety, such as petrochemicals, nuclear power, and aerospace. Furthermore, butt-welded connections offer greater strength than threaded or socket welded joints, reducing stress concentration at pipe-fitting interfaces and extending the service life of piping systems.

ASME B16.9 Elbow Dimensions

90° Elbow +45° Elbow Dimensions Chart

180°Elbow Dimensions Chart

For more information on the dimensions of butt weld elbows, please click

Elbow and Pipe Bend

In piping systems, both ASME B16.9 elbow and pipe bends are used to alter the flow direction of fluids, but they differ significantly in design and application:

Manufacturing Method:

Elbows are typically manufactured according to ASME B16.9 or other standards as standardized pipe fittings, generally available in fixed angles such as 45°, 90°, and 180°. Pipe bends, however, are often field-fabricated or custom-made to drawings, allowing for any angle (e.g., 60°, 75°).

Bend Radius:

Elbows come in short radius (1D) and long radius (1.5D) types, while pipe bends typically feature larger radii—up to 3D, 5D, 10D, or greater—resulting in lower fluid resistance.

Applications:

Elbows are preferred in space-constrained or standardized piping systems for ease of installation. Pipe bends are favored for long-distance pipelines or scenarios requiring reduced flow resistance, such as oil and gas transmission lines.

Cost and Flexibility:

Elbow production is standardized, resulting in lower costs. Pipe bends offer flexible fabrication to meet non-standard requirements but incur relatively higher manufacturing expenses.

ASME B16.9 Standard

This Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances, ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).

Pressure Rating Designation

Class followed by a dimensionless number is the designation for pressure-temperature ratings. Standardized designations for flanges per ASME B16.5 referenced in this Standard are Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500.

Marking

Standard Marking Each fitting shall be permanently marked to show the following:

(a) manufacturer’s name or trademark

(b) material identification, either the ASTM or ASME grade designation

(c) schedule number1 or nominal wall thickness in mm

(d) size — the nominal pipe size (NPS) identification number related to the end connections shall be used

(e) compliance—see para. 4.4 for standard and special fitting marking

A manufacturer may supplement these mandatory markings with others, including a DN size designation, but confusion with the required marking shall be avoided.

Tolerances

The listings with decimals do not imply precision measurement, such as use of vernier, micrometer, electronic readout equipment, etc.

Packaging

The beveled edges at both ends of the elbow (where pipes connect) are the most vulnerable and prone to deformation from impact. Therefore, the first step in packaging is to fit plastic protective caps over these beveled edges. This effectively prevents damage or scratches during handling and transportation, making it crucial.

Smaller elbows are typically individually wrapped in plastic bags or bubble wrap. This method offers protection against moisture, dust, and prevents scratches caused by friction between elbows. Smaller elbows are first placed in cardboard boxes before being loaded into wooden crates.

Large-sized elbows are neatly stacked in sturdy wooden crates or pallets. These crates and pallets are typically fumigated to meet international shipping standards.

Finally, each crate or bundle of elbows is labeled with a detailed tag containing all product information.

Applications

Oil and Gas Industry

Chemical and Petrochemical Industry

Power Generation

Shipbuilding and Offshore Engineering

Water Treatment and Environmental Engineering

Metallurgy and Machinery Manufacturing

Pipe And Fittings Manufacturer

We specialize in selling all kinds of pipe fittings, tubes, plates, flanges, bolts and nuts, our products are widely used in many fields, from precision machinery manufacturing to warm home decoration and even high-end aerospace industry. We have become a trusted choice for many industries due to our superior product quality and wide range of applications. Not only do we offer a wide range of products, but we can also provide customized processing services according to the specific needs of our customers, ensuring that your expectations are accurately met every time we work together. With advanced production equipment and strict quality management system, we are committed to providing high-quality piping solutions to customers worldwide. Welcome to contact us.

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Product List

Inspection of Butt Weld Fittings

Outer Diameter (OD) and Wall Thickness (WT) Measurement

Measure the outer diameter and wall thickness of the pipe fittings using a vernier caliper, outside micrometer, or ultrasonic thickness gauge. Verify that the pipe fittings comply with the tolerance ranges specified by ASTM, ASME, or customer requirements.

Length (L) and End Dimension Inspection

Measure the overall length of the pipe fitting and the length of the end mating surfaces to ensure proper alignment during welding or connection.

End Face Perpendicularity and Flatness

Use a straightedge or protractor to check if the end face is perpendicular to the pipe axis to ensure proper sealing during welding.

Measure the end face flatness to prevent welding stress concentration or missed welds.

Angle and Bending Radius (for Elbows)

For elbows, reducers, and other fittings, use a protractor or elbow gauge to verify that the angle and radius meet design standards.

Specification of ASME B16.9 Butt Weld Fitting

ASTM A420 WPL6 Butt Weld Fittings Chemical Composition

ASTM A420 WPL6 Butt Weld Fittings Mechanical Property

Butt Weld 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions

ASME B16.9 Butt Weld Cap Dimensions

Tolerances for Butt Weld Fittings

TOLERANCES  FOR  BW FITTINGS
Nominal  Size		All Fittings		45°&90° Elbows & Tees, Crosses	3D Radius Elbows	180°   Returns			Caps	Reducers & Lap Joint Stub Ends	Lap Joint  Stub Ends
DN	NPS	OD 3) 4)	ID 3)	A   B   C   M	A   B	O	K	U	E,  E1	H   F	G	R	t
15-65	1/2 -21/2	+1.6 -0.8	± 0.8	± 2	± 3	± 6	± 6	±  1	± 3	± 2	0      -1	0      -1	+1.6 0
80-90	3-31/2	± 1.6	± 1.6	± 2	± 3	± 6	± 6	±  1	± 3	± 2	0      -1	0      -1	+1.6 0
100	4	± 1.6	± 1.6	± 2	± 3	± 6	± 6	±  1	± 3	± 2	0      -1	0      -2	+1.6 0
125-200	5-8	+2.4 -1.6	± 1.6	± 2	± 3	± 6	± 6	±  1	± 6	± 2	0      -1	0      -2	+1.6 0
250-450	10-18	+4.0 -3.2	± 3.2	± 2	± 3	± 10	± 6	± 2	± 6	± 2	0      -2	0      -2	+3.2 0
500-600	20-24	+6.4 -4.8	± 4.8	± 2	± 3	± 10	± 6	± 2	± 6	± 2	0      -2	0      -2	+3.2 0
650-750	26-30	+6.4 -4.8	± 4.8	± 3	± 6	—	—	—	± 10	± 5	—	—	—
800-1200	32-48	+6.4 -4.8	± 4.8	± 5	± 6	—	—	—	± 10	± 5	—	—	—
1300-1500	52-60	+6.4 -4.8	± 4.8	± 5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
1600-1700	64-68	+6.4 -4.8	± 4.8	± 5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
1800-2000	72-80	+6.4 -4.8	± 4.8	± 5	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Applications:

Chemical and Petrochemical Industries

Oil and Gas Industries

Power Generation

Food and Beverage Processing

Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology

Marine and Shipbuilding

Water Treatment Plants

Pulp and Paper Industry

Cryogenic Applications

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ASME B16.9 Butt Weld Elbow Inspection Method

Outer diameter: At the welded bevel end of the elbow, the outer diameter should be measured using a vernier caliper or tape measure to ensure it matches the outer diameter of the connecting pipe.

Wall thickness: Wall thickness is a critical parameter affecting the pressure-bearing capacity of the elbow. Wall thickness should be measured at the beveled end and the body of the elbow, and compared with the nominal wall thickness of the pipe (e.g., SCH 40, SCH 80). According to standards, the negative deviation of the elbow’s wall thickness is typically restricted to ensure minimum pressure-bearing capacity. Wall thickness can be inspected using a wall thickness measuring caliper or an ultrasonic thickness gauge.

Specification of ASME B16.9 90 Degree Elbow

Manufacturing Process

Hot Forming: ASTM A234 WPB elbows made of carbon steel and other materials are typically formed using hot forming and hot pressing processes. For example, WPB fittings formed at temperatures ranging from 620°C (1150°F) to 980°C (1800°F) can be cooled in still air without requiring additional heat treatment.

Processing Methods: These include bending, extrusion, and stamping to form elbows with different angles and radii. Additionally, the elbows undergo acid washing, polishing, and sandblasting processes to enhance surface quality and corrosion resistance.

ASTM A234 WPB Butt Weld Elbow Chemical Composition

ASTM A234 WPB Elbow Chemical Composition

90 Degree Elbow Dimensions

What is ASTM A234 WPB?

ASTM A234 is a standard specification covering forged carbon steel and alloy steel pipe fittings for medium- and high-temperature service. It specifies requirements for the manufacture, chemical composition, mechanical properties, and heat treatment of pipe fittings.

WPB is a grade within this standard, commonly referred to as “Welded Pipe Grade B” (Wrought Pipe Grade B).

W (Wrought): Indicates forged, meaning manufactured through heating and forming processes such as hammering, stamping, or extrusion.

P (Pipe): Indicates pipe fittings used in pressure pipelines.

B (Grade B): Represents a yield strength grade of Grade B, with a minimum yield strength of 240 MPa (35 ksi) and a minimum tensile strength of 415 MPa (60 ksi).

Application areas:

Oil and gas pipelines

Power plants and boilers

Chemical and petrochemical industries

Water treatment and transportation systems

General industrial pressure pipelines

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316L stainless steel butt weld elbow, also known as 316L stainless steel butt weld pipe fitting, is a critical component in piping systems, with its core function being to change the direction of the pipeline. This pipe fitting is manufactured using 316L stainless steel material and connected to the pipeline via butt weld to form a secure, leak-free permanent connection.

Products Lists

Inspection Photos

ASTM A403 WP316L Stainless Steel Elbow Chemical Composition

316L Stainless Steel Elbow Mechanical Properties

316L Stainless Steel Butt Weld Elbow Physical Properties

316L Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings Equivalent Grade

Advantages of Butt Weld:

Strong and Reliable: Butt weld creates a continuous, seamless connection by aligning and weld the ends of the fitting and pipe together. This connection offers exceptional strength and can withstand high pressure, high temperature, and severe vibration.

Leak-Free: The welded joint forms a single, integral unit, virtually eliminating the possibility of leakage, a crucial feature in piping systems transporting hazardous or expensive media.

Low Fluid Resistance: The smooth inner wall of a butt weld elbow matches the pipe’s inner diameter, minimizing fluid resistance at the bend and reducing energy loss.

Butt Weld 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions

Application Areas

Oil and Gas Industry: Used for transporting crude oil, natural gas, and refined petroleum products.

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry: Used for handling corrosive chemicals and maintaining high cleanliness in process pipelines.

Food and Beverage Industry: Used in pipeline systems requiring sanitary-grade standards.

Seawater Desalination and Marine Engineering: In high-salinity marine environments, its resistance to chloride corrosion makes it an ideal choice.

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Due to the excellent corrosion resistance of stainless steel, structural components can maintain the integrity of engineering design. Chromium-containing stainless steel also combines mechanical strength and high ductility. It is easy to process and manufacture components and can meet the needs of architects and structural designers. Stainless steel elbows will not cause corrosion, pitting, rust or wear. Among building metal materials, stainless steel is still one of the high-strength materials.

ZIZI offers various styles and sizes of stainless steel elbows, elbow sizes range from 1/2 inch to 80 inches. It wall thickness range covers SCH 10, 20, 40, STD, XS, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, XXS in accordance with ASME B16.9 standard.

Specification of ASTM A403 WP 304 Elbows

ASTM A403 WP 304 Elbows Chemical Composition

304/304L Stainless Steel Elbows Mechanical Property

Stainless Steel 45 Degree Elbow Dimensions

Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions

Stainless Steel 180 Degree Elbow Dimensions

Nominal Size		Outside Diameter at Bevel	Center to Center		Back to Face
			180                                                                                        Returns
DN	NPS	OD	O		K
			LR	SR	LR	SR
15	1/2	21.3	76		48
20	3/4	26.7	76		51
25	1	33.4	76	51	56	41
32	1 1/4	42.2	95	64	70	52
40	1 1/2	48.3	114	76	83	62
50	2	60.3	152	102	106	81
65	2 1/2	73.0	190	127	132	100
80	3	88.9	229	152	159	121
90	3 1/2	101.6	267	178	184	140
100	4	114.3	305	203	210	159
125	5	141.3	381	254	262	197
150	6	168.3	457	305	313	237
200	8	219.1	610	406	414	313
250	10	273.0	762	508	518	391
300	12	323.8	914	609	619	467
350	14	355.6	1067	711	711	533
400	16	406.4	1219	813	813	610
450	18	457.0	1372	914	914	686
500	20	508.0	1524	1016	1016	762
550	22	559.0	1676	1118	1118	838
600	24	610.0	1829	1219	1219	914

90 Degree Long Radius Elbow Weight Chart in KG

90 Degree Short Radius Elbow Weight Chart in KG

Stainless Steel Elbow Tolerance

How to Get Accurate Size Information?

To get specific SS 304 elbow size, you need to:

Determine the nominal diameter (NPS/DN): Choose the appropriate size according to your piping system.

Determine the elbow type: 90 degree long / short radius, 45 degree long radius, 180 degree long radius, etc.

Determine the wall thickness grade (Schedule): This is closely related to the pressure grade of the pipeline.

Check the corresponding standards: Check the corresponding A standard chart according to the project requirements.

Contact the supplier: ZIZI, as a stainless steel pipe fittings supplier, will provide a detailed product size table. We can also provide customized information according to your needs.

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Product Descriptions

SS316 90° Butt Weld Elbow Chemical Composition

SS316 90° Butt Weld Elbow Mechanical Properties

SS316 90° Butt Weld Elbow Marking and Inspection

As shown in the picture, our elbows are clearly marked for easy identification by workers on site. They meet the design specifications for outside diameter, wall thickness, and center-to-end distance. All dimensional deviations are within the allowable standard tolerances. Therefore, our elbow products have passed inspection and are fully certified.

SS316 90° Butt Weld Elbow Package

As shown in the picture, our elbows are packed in wooden cases, which protect them from impact, pressure, and corrosion during transportation. This ensures the products arrive in perfect condition. The wooden cases are strong and stable, making them suitable for stacking, handling, and storage. As a reliable and experienced pipe fittings manufacturer, we offer one-stop solutions to meet your needs. Don’t hesitate to reach out to us for any inquiries.

90 Degree Elbow Dimensions

Notes:

1)   Besides these, GB/T 10752   SH 3408   SH 3409   HG/T 21635   HG/ T 21631    SY/T 0510    DL/T 695    EN 10253 etc.are also applied.

2)   The elbow with NPS over 80 shall be made subject to the sizes agreed by purchaser and manufacturer.

ASME B16.9 90 Degree Long Radius Elbow Weight Chart in KG

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Inspecting the drawings provided, our engineering showed their feasibility. After discussing the detailed data of the elbows, the client placed the order in February.

Since there’re 540 pcs in total for 2 items, we made one sample for client’s confirmation at first. After client’s evaluation and confirmation, we produced the elbow in quantity.

After reviewing all the goods photos, the client agreed to arrange delivery.

Inspection photos

ASTM A234 WPB Elbow is a type of pipe fitting commonly used to change the direction of fluid flow in a piping system. It is made from carbon steel that conforms to the ASTM A234 standard, which specifies the requirements for pipe fittings made from wrought carbon steel and alloy steel.

ASTM A234 WPB Explanation

ASTM A234: This is a standard specification set by ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials) for wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings. It includes various fittings like elbows, tees, reducers, and caps used in pressure systems and piping.

WPB: This refers to a specific grade of carbon steel material under ASTM A234. WPB stands for Weldable (W), Pipe (P), and Grade B (B). This means the material is suitable for welding and can handle moderate pressure and temperature conditions. WPB fittings are typically used in carbon steel piping systems where medium pressure is involved.

Manufacturing Process

Forging: The elbow is forged into shape to meet the desired specifications.

Heat Treatment: Elbows are heat-treated to improve mechanical properties, especially strength and durability.

Welding: Elbows are often welded to other pipes to form a continuous pipeline. Welding procedures are crucial to ensure the joint’s strength and prevent leaks.

Non-Destructive Testing: Elbows are tested for defects using methods like X-rays or ultrasonic testing to ensure no internal or external flaws.

Specification of ASME B16.9 Elbow

90 Degree Elbow Dimensions

Key Characteristics of ASTM A234 WPB Elbow

Material: WPB fittings are made of carbon steel, commonly using materials like A106 Grade B or A53 Grade B steel, offering good strength, weldability, and pressure tolerance.

Temperature Range: ASTM A234 WPB fittings are suitable for use in systems operating within the temperature range of -29°C to 425°C (-20°F to 800°F).

Strength: The tensile strength of WPB fittings is typically around 485 MPa (70 ksi) minimum, ensuring they can withstand standard operating pressures.

Corrosion Resistance: While WPB elbows offer good resistance in non-extreme environments, they are generally not suitable for highly corrosive or acidic environments. They are commonly used in systems carrying water, oil, and natural gas.

Applications: Commonly used in pipelines for oil and gas, chemical plants, power generation, and HVAC systems.

Common Applications

Oil and Gas Industry: For the transportation of oil, natural gas, and water pipelines.

Chemical and Petrochemical Plants: Used in fluid and gas transport systems, especially in medium-pressure applications.

Power Plants: For steam, water, and gas transport systems.

HVAC Systems: Used for systems requiring a change in fluid flow direction.

Common Sizes and Angles

Angles: The most common elbow angles are 45°, 90°, and 180°. These are used to change the direction of the pipeline in various ways.

Pipe Sizes: ASTM A234 WPB elbows come in a wide range of sizes, from small-diameter pipes to large-diameter pipes, depending on the project’s requirements. 

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90 Degree Stainless Steel Elbow is a common type of pipe fittings, and common connection methods include butt welding, thread, and socket weld. We manufacture according to ASME B16.9 and B16.11 standards. ASTM A403 and ASTM A182 stainless steel elbow is a commonly used elbow in the petroleum and natural gas industry.

ZIZI ENGINGEERING CO LTD is a manufacturer supplies various of butt weld fittings. We have supplied our butt weld fittings to major customers which business in Oil & Gas, Chemical & Petrochemical, Water treatment, Nuclear & Power Plant, Offshore platform & Shipbuilding. Our products are applicable for any kinds of severe operating condition such as high pressure and high temperature or cryogenic condition.

SS Butt Weld Elbow 90 Degree

SS butt weld elbow is made of stainless steel as raw material, which is formed by hot pressing. It have certain pressure resistance and can maintain a stable connection state in high-pressure environments.

90 degree stainless steel elbow is widely used in various industrial fields due to their excellent material, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, easy cleaning and maintenance, and other advantages.

Classified by Bending Radius

90 degree butt weld elbow can be divided into long radius and short radius according to different bending radius.

ASME B16.9 Stainless Steel Elbow Specification

The American standard ANSI/ASME B16.9 elbow, in layman’s terms, refers to an elbow produced according to the American standards. ANSI is the American national standard, and ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineers standard. ASME standards and ANSI standards cover the vast majority of industrial fields, including materials, processing, processes, experiments, and more. ASME cites many ANSI standards.

Stainless steel butt weld elbows produced according to ASME B16.9 have a wide range of sizes ranging 1/2 “to 48”. Common wall thickness pressure levels include Sch5s, Sch10s, Sch10, Sch20, Sch30, Sch40s, STD, Sch40, Sch60, Sch80s, XS, etc. Among them, the most commonly used are STD and XS.

Dimension

The stainless steel butt weld elbow produced by ZIZI Engineering Co Ltd comply with the ASTM A403 material standard.

ASME B16.11 90 Degree Stainless Steel Elbow

ASME B16.11 is a production standard for forged fittings, which includes fittings with socket and threaded connections. It specifies requirements for material, size, shape, pressure rating, tolerance range, etc. to ensure their safety and reliability in the industrial field.

Socket Weld Elbow

Stainless steel socket weld elbows are made of stainless steel material and have excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance. They are widely used in various industries, especially in chemical, metallurgical, power, shipbuilding and other fields.

Specification

Dimension

Dimension of socket weld elbow is wide, usually divided according to the nominal diameter inch. Common specifications include 1/8 inch to 4 inch. The pressure rating of stainless steel socket weld elbow is also diverse, commonly including 3000LB, 6000LB, 9000LB, or divided into SCH80, XS,SCH160, XXS, etc. The selection of pressure level needs to be determined based on the pressure requirements of the pipeline system.

The manufacturing and inspection of stainless steel socket elbows need to follow certain standards, such as GB/T14383, ASME B16.11, MSS SP-75, JIS2316, SH3410, HG/T21634, etc. These standards specify the requirements for the size, material, performance, and other aspects of elbows.

Dimension of ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Elbow

Stainless Steel Threaded Forged Elbow

Stainless steel threaded elbow shape is usually 45 degrees, 90 degrees. The production of stainless steel threaded elbows also needs to follow international production standards, such as GB/T14383, ASME B16.11, etc., to ensure that the quality and performance of the products meet the requirements.

We are specialized in supplying stainless steel threaded elbow in three pressure ratings: class 2000,Class 3000 and 6000 at reasonable price in various sizes as per requirement.

Size: 1/8″ to 4″ / DN 6 to 100

Pressure: Class 2000, 3000, 6000

Thread Type: BSPP, BSPT, PT, NPT, MPT

Product: NPT Threaded Elbow, Tee, Coupling, Union, Bushing, Nipple, Plug.

Dimension

Weight List

Common Thread Types of Threaded Elbow

BSPP: British Standard Pipe Parallel

BSPT: British Standard Pipe Tapered

NPT: American National Standard Pipe Tpaer

Application of Stainless Steel Elbow

Pipeline System

Petroleum and Chemical Industry

Fire Protection System

Chemical Industry

Food Processing Industry

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